Characteristics And Performance Of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors (AEC) In Solar Panel And Wind Turbine Systems

Abstract

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) are widely used in renewable energy systems due to their high volumetric capacitance, low cost, and compatibility with compact power electronic designs. However, their performance is significantly affected by environmental and operational conditions. This review investigates the reliability challenges faced by AECs in photovoltaic and wind turbine systems, especially under thermal, electrical, and humidity stresses. In coastal regions like Balikpapan, high humidity accelerates corrosion, while in mountainous areas like Sidrap, seasonal wind speed fluctuations impose voltage instability and thermal cycling that degrade capacitor lifespan. The discussion highlights the increase in Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) and electrolyte degradation as key failure mechanisms. The study emphasizes the need for improved materials, protective strategies, and application-specific capacitor selection to enhance system stability and efficiency in diverse environmental conditions.