Alternative Fuel and Combustion Furnace: Efforts to Improve Efficiency and Sustainability of Tofu Production Houses”

Abstract

SIKS in Balikpapan is a small-scale industrial cluster focused on tofu and tempe production. The area covers approximately nine hectares and consists of around 94 production units, 60 of which are currently in active operation. One of the critical processes in tofu production is water heating to generate steam for boiling soybeans. This process utilizes wood-fired furnaces and large boilers, with ulin wood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) serving as the main fuel. Ulin wood is chosen for its exceptional durability compared to other types such as meranti and bangkirai. However, the use of ulin wood poses sustainability concerns due to its slow growth rate, requiring approximately 65 years to reach an ideal harvest diameter. In addition, the decreasing availability of wood and high logistics costs—since it must be sourced from outside Balikpapan—present further challenges. Although technically superior, the use of ulin wood creates a dilemma in terms of cost efficiency and environmental sustainability. Through this initiative, briquettes have been developed and tested as an alternative fuel and furnace system that improve cost efficiency and support sustainability.