Indonesian Journal of Maritime Technology

Determination of Electrical Power for Lighting Distribution Using LED Lights on KM. Tuna Kita

Fri, 25 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Fishing vessels are specialized ships designed to support commercial fishing operations by integrating various structural and functional elements such as hull dimensions, deck layout, load capacity, crew accommodations, propulsion systems, and supporting equipment. One critical yet often overlooked component of such vessels is the lighting system, which plays a key role not only in ensuring operational safety and visibility but also in enhancing fishing effectiveness, particularly during night operations. Currently, many fishing vessels still rely on conventional fluorescent lighting, which is less energy-efficient and has a shorter operational life compared to modern alternatives such as LED technology. This study addresses the inadequacy of current lighting installations on fishing vessels by proposing a redesigned electrical installation system utilizing LED lamps. The objective is to develop an efficient and functionally optimized lighting plan that reduces energy consumption and operational costs while improving onboard visibility. Additionally, LED lights can serve dual purposes on fishing vessels—not only for general illumination but also as fish-attracting lights, which may contribute to increased catch yields. The research employs the Zonal Cavity Method (also known as the Lumen Method) as the primary analytical approach. This method enables the calculation of illumination levels by considering inter-surface reflectance and dividing each interior space into three distinct zones: the High Ceiling Cavity (HCC), High Room Cavity (HRC), and High Floor Cavity (HFC). Illumination levels are then determined according to established lighting standards for each functional area within the vessel. The results of the analysis demonstrate that LED-based lighting systems significantly outperform fluorescent systems in terms of energy efficiency, uniformity of light distribution, and alignment with lighting standards. Furthermore, the proposed installation plan offers long-term operational benefits, including reduced maintenance requirements and lower power consumption. The findings support the broader adoption of LED lighting in small-scale fishing vessels and suggest further research into integrating solar-based energy systems to enhance sustainability and self-sufficiency in future vessel designs.

Optimizing Generator Power Usage Through LED Lighting Distribution on Tugboats: A Case Study of a 26.80-Meter Vessel

Fri, 25 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The 26.80 meter long tugboat plays a critical role in Indonesia’s maritime operations, particularly in towing and maneuvering vessels between Semayang Port and open sea areas. As part of its operational infrastructure, the vessel relies on fluorescent lighting systems, which are known to be less energy efficient and less durable than modern lighting technologies. This presents a significant operational challenge, particularly in light of rising fuel costs and the global shift toward more sustainable maritime practices. This study addresses the issue of inefficient energy use in onboard lighting systems by evaluating the performance of conventional fluorescent lamps compared to Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting on tugboats. The objective is to assess and compare both lighting types in terms of energy consumption, lighting uniformity, and compliance with international lighting standards set by classification societies. The research adopts the Zonal Cavity Method (ZCM), which involves dividing the interior of the tugboat into three lighting analysis zones: the High-Ceiling Cavity (HCC), High-Rise Cavity (HRC), and High-Floor Cavity (HFC). Each zone was analyzed to determine the required illumination levels based on standardized guidelines, enabling a systematic comparison of lighting performance between the two technologies. Results indicate that LED lighting systems outperform fluorescent lighting in all evaluated aspects. LEDs provided significantly higher energy efficiency and more uniform lighting distribution across all zones of the tugboat. Additionally, LED systems demonstrated better compliance with minimum illumination levels as outlined in international maritime lighting standards. The study concludes that implementing LED lighting can lead to substantial improvements in shipboard energy efficiency, reduced generator load, lower operational costs, and improved environmental sustainability. These findings suggest that maritime operators should consider transitioning to LED systems as a long-term solution for enhancing energy performance. Future research is recommended to explore the integration of LED systems with renewable power sources such as solar energy, and to evaluate the long-term economic and maintenance benefits across different vessel types and operational profiles.

Risk Analysis and Mitigation of Occupational Safety Accidents in the Maintenance Process of Units

Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The maintenance process involves the use of various equipment, machinery, and workspaces, all of which inherently present occupational hazards. If these risks are not adequately addressed, they may lead to workplace accidents. Ensuring worker protection remains a critical concern due to the persistent occurrence of occupational incidents and the presence of workplace hazards that pose significant risks to employees. Therefore, this study aims to identify and assess occupational accident risks during unit maintenance, develop strategies to mitigate these risks, and enhance occupational safety and health (OSH) practices at company. This study identified 27 potential workplace accidents arising from six major hazard categories. These hazards were incorporated into a structured questionnaire, which was then distributed to relevant workers to gather empirical data. The collected responses were analyzed and systematically classified using a risk matrix framework, categorizing risks from low to high levels to prioritize appropriate mitigation measures. The risk assessment identified several high-risk incidents, particularly those categorized under accident codes A1, A3, B3, B4, B5, C3, C4, D1, D5, E1, E2, E3, E4, and E5. Following the risk assessment, targeted mitigation strategies were implemented to address workplace hazards across various job functions. These measures included the mandatory use of personal protective equipment (PPE) tailored to specific tasks, alongside strict adherence to established safety protocols and warning systems to prevent occupational accidents. The findings highlight the necessity for continuous safety monitoring, employee training, and a proactive risk management approach to ensure a safer working environment.

Network Planning Analysis on Loading and Unloading of the MV Future Ocean 14,514 DWT at Semayang Port

Destyariani Putri, Arya Putra Mahendra, Muhammad Khaisar Wirawan — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The process of loading and unloading ships is a critical activity in the logistics chain that impacts the efficiency and operational costs of ports. This study aims to evaluate the use of Network Planning methods in planning and controlling the time of the ship loading and unloading process. The research was conducted using historical data on the loading and unloading times of ships, as well as related activity schedules at Semayang Port, Balikpapan. This study adopts an approach by analyzing the application of network planning on the unloading process of the MV Future Ocean 14,514 DWT ship in the form of an S-Curve, then analyzing alternative critical paths along with duration acceleration using the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) on days (conditions) with better work weight consistency. Additionally, it analyzes how this affects manpower and manhour efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the application of the CPM and PERT methods led to a reduction in job duration from 1.408 minutes to 1.227 minutes using CPM, and 1.224,67 minutes using PERT. Based on the duration acceleration, the need for additional manpower increased from 21 to 24, resulting in a -14% decrease in manpower efficiency. The total manhour value changed from 3.941,28 MH to 3.936 MH with a 0,13% increase in manhour efficiency for CPM, and 3.916,8 MH with a 0,62% increase in manhour efficiency for PERT.

Effect of Lifting Lug Hole Diameter Size on Strength Performance in Ship Block Lifting Process

Tue, 29 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The safety of the ship block lifting process is always a serious concern during the assembly of ship blocks. The block/structure and equipment must not be damaged during the lifting process. This study aims to determine the structural response values that occur with various hole diameter sizes of the lifting lug during the ship block lifting process. The object of this research is a ship block from the new construction of the Ferry Ro-Ro 1500 GT. The method used is numerical simulation based on finite element method (FEM) software. The simulation is conducted to obtain the stress and deformation values for each size of the lifting lug. The selected ship block load is the largest ship block load, which is 52,380 tons. The number of lifting lugs used in the simulation is 5, with varying diameters of 53, 58, 63, 68, and 73 cm. Based on the simulation results, the diameter of 63 mm gets the minimum normal and shear stress figures. While the minimum von misses stress figure is shown by the variation of the diameter of 73 mm. While the smallest deformation figure is shown by the variation of the diameter of 53 mm. In general, all variations of lifting lug holes can still be applied with the note that the weight of the load must be considered.

Fishing Vessel Position Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things (IoT)

Andi Jaya Wardanah Yusuf, Faisal Mahmuddin, Balqis Shintarahayu, Budiman Budiman — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The life of traditional fishermen in Indonesia is closely related to the sea. Coastal communities rely on marine products as a source of daily livelihood. However, in recent years, many traditional fishermen have disappeared at sea. Based on those problems, it is necessary to create a tool in an effort to develop security for fishermen in the form of a position monitoring system that is able to reduce the risk of fishermen disappearing in the middle of the sea by using a better and more practical system. This research developed a system for monitoring the position of fishing vessels using an Arduino microcontroller. Based on the results of testing and analysis in this research, it is known that the position monitoring system on fishing vessels uses a NodeMcu LoLin V3 type microcontroller as a data processor and GPS Ublox Neo-6M as a sensor which functions to send location points on a fishing vessel. The coordinates of the location of the fishing vessel are then displayed on the smartphone via the Blynk application. So when the tracking tool is connected to the internet, the average difference in distance precision between the Ublox Neo 6M GPS and Google Maps is 2.3 meters. For input speed from NodeMcu LoLin v3 and GPS Ublox Neo 6M to the Blynk application displayed on the smartphone. Monitoring for 40 seconds showed that the data speed displayed was one location data per second. From the results of the tests carried out, this tool can work well and can be used to monitor fishing vessels continuously.

Ship Design Based on Extreme Waves

Thu, 15 May 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Recent studies have revealed that extreme waves (also known as freak waves), with heights ranging from 20 to 30 meters, occur more frequently than previously assumed. Over the past decades, numerous large commercial vessels have been lost due to incidents involving such anomalous wave phenomena. However, the current design criteria outlined in the 2022 BKI (Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia) Consolidation still consider significant wave heights of less than 11 meters, which is increasingly recognized as inadequate for modern oceanic conditions. This study aims to evaluate and propose ship design parameters that account for extreme wave conditions by incorporating significant wave heights of up to 30 meters into the safety analysis. The methodology involves a comparative analysis between the conventional design standards and a revised model that integrates dynamic wave impact forces as a crucial factor in determining the structural dimensions and stability of ships. The findings indicate that designing ships with consideration of extreme wave scenarios is not only feasible but also necessary to enhance vessel resilience and reduce the risk of capsizing and sinking. This research underscores the urgent need for updating maritime safety regulations and design frameworks in response to evolving oceanographic realities, thereby contributing to the development of safer and more robust marine transportation systems.

Carbon Capture Storage System on the Ship

Fri, 16 May 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is one of the global warming mitigation technology systems by reducing CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. This system is a series of implementations of processes that are related to each other, starting from the separation and capture of CO₂ from the source of exhaust emissions (flue gas), transportation of captured CO₂ to storage (transportation), and storage to a safe place (storage). If these emissions are released in large quantities, it will certainly cause various problems such as Global Warming. In the maritime transportation sector, one of the emissions that is widely produced by ships is exhaust gas from the ship's main engine when operating which is released into the atmosphere through the Funnel (chimney). One method that can be done is to separate carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) contained in the exhaust gas with Membrane Technology placed on the Funnel. Technical analyzes is done by testing the vessel model then the results are developed with naval theories. This article will discuss how to filter carbon dioxide gas and membrane technology that can be used on ships.